Translation from Uzbek by Mark Dickens
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1.
So’z turkumlari (Parts of Speech)
a)
Mustaqil so’z turkumlari (independent parts of speech)
i)
Ot (noun)
ii)
Sifat (adjective)
iii)
Son (numeral)
iv)
Olmosh (pronoun)
v)
Fe’l (verb)
vi)
Ravish (adverb)
b)
Yordamchi so’z turkumlari (helping parts of speech)
i)
Ko’makchi (postposition)
ii)
Bog’lovchi (conjunction)
iii)
Yuklama (particle)
2.
Otlar (Nouns)
a)
Atoqli otlar (proper nouns)
b)
Turdosh otlar (common nouns)
c)
Egalik affikslari (possessive affixes)
d)
Kelishiklar (case endings)
i)
Bosh kelishik (nominative case)--
ii)
Qaratqich kelishigi (genitive case)-ning
iii)
Jo’nalish kelishigi (dative case)-ga,
-ka, -qa
iv)
Tushum kelishigi (accusative case)-ni
v)
O’rin-payt kelishigi (locative case)-da
vi)
Chiqish kelishigi (ablative case)-dan
e)
Otlarning yasalishi (noun formation)
i)
People: -chi, -dosh, -kash, -bon, -paz, -dor, -shunos, -xon, -soz, -kor
ii)
Places: -zor, -iston, -xona
iii)
Abstract things: -lik, -chilik
f)
Qo’shma otlar (compound nouns)
g)
Juft otlar (paired nouns)
h)
Qisqartma otlar (abbreviated nouns)
3.
Sifatlar (Adjectives)
a)
Sifat darajalari (comparative and superlative)
b)
Sifatlarning yasalishi (adjective formation)
i)
-li, -siz, -chan, -chil, -aki
ii)
Russian (Latinate) suffixes: -ik, -iv, -al, -ion
iii)
-ik, -iq, -uk, -uq, -ma, -qoq, -choq, -chiq, -kir, -gir, -qir, -g’ir,
-g’in,
-kin, -gin, -qin, -ag’on, -g’ich, -gich, -mon
iv)
ser-, kam-, nim-, g’ayri-, ko’p-, umum-, butun-
4.
Sonlar (Numerals)
a)
Dona sonlar (counting numerals): -ta
b)
Taqsim sonlar (division numerals): -tadan
c)
Jamlovchi sonlar (collective numerals): -ov, -ala, -lab
d)
Kasr sonlar (fraction numerals): -dan
e)
Tartib sonlar (ordinal numerals): -(i)nchi
f)
Vaqt hisobi (telling time)
5.
Olmoshlar (Pronouns)
a)
Kishilik olmoshlari (personal pronouns): men, sen, u, biz, siz, ular
b)
O’zlik olmoshlari (reflexive pronouns): o’zim, o’zing, o’zi, o’zimiz,
o’zingiz,
o’zlari
c)
Ko’rsatish olmoshlari (demonstrative pronouns):u,
bu, shu, o’sha, mana, mana bu, ana, ana u
d)
So’rok olmoshlari (interrogative pronouns): kim, nima, qanday, qanaqa,
qaysi, qachon, qancha, necha, nechta, nechanchi
e)
Belgilash olmoshlari (definite pronouns): har kim, har nima, har qaysi,
hamma, barcha
f)
Bo’lishsizlik olmoshlari (negative pronouns): hech kim, hech nima, hech
qachon, hech qaysi, hech qaerda, hech qanday
g)
Gumon olmoshlari (indefinite pronouns): kimdir, nimadir, qandaydir,
qanchadir,
allakim, allanima, allaqanday, allaqancha, allaqaysi, allanechuk, bir
necha,
bir qancha, bir nima, bir narsa, ba’zi, birov, biron
6.
Fe’llar (Verbs)
a)
Fe’lning noaniq formasi (base/indefinite form of the verb)
b)
O’timli va o’timsiz fe’llar(transitive and intransitive verbs)
c)
Fe’l nisbatlari (voices)
i)
Aniq nisbat (active voice)
ii)
O’zlik nisbat (reflexive voice)
iii)
Majhul nisbat (passive voice)
iv)
Birgalik nisbat (reciprocal voice)
v)
Orttirma nisbat (causative voice)
d)
Sifatdoshlar (participles)
i)
O’tgan zamon sifatdoshi (past participle): -gan, -kan, -qan
ii)
Hozirgi zamon sifatdoshi (present participle): -yotgan
iii)
Hozirgi-kelasi zamon sifatdoshi (present-future participle): -adigan,
-ydigan
iv)
Kelasi zamon sifatdoshi (future participle): -ar, -r, -mas
e)
Ravishdoshlar (gerunds)
i)
-a, -y
ii)
-b, -ib
f)
Harakat nomi (verbal nouns)
i)
-sh, -ish, -v, -uv, -moq
ii)
Use with kerak, mumkin, uchun
g)
Fe’l mayllari (moods)
i)
Buyruq mayli (imperative mood)
ii)
Shart mayli (conditional mood)
h)
Fe’llarning zamoni (tenses)
i)
Hozirgi-kelasi zamon fe’li (present-future tense): kelaman
ii)
Hozirgi zamon davom fe’li (present continuous tense): kelayapman,
kelmoqdaman
iii)
Aniq o’tgan zamon fe’li (definite/simple past tense): keldim
iv)
Yaqin o’tgan zamon fe’li (recent past/present perfect tense): kelganman
v)
Uzoq o’tgan zamon fe’li (distant past/past perfect tense): kelgan edim
vi)
O’tgan zamon davom fe’li (past continuous tense): kelar edim
vii)
Kelasi zamon fe’li (future tense): kelarman
viii)
Kelasi zamon maqsad fe’li (future intentional tense): kelmoqchiman
i)
Fe’llarning yasalishi (verb formation)
j)
Qo’shma fe’l (compound verbs)
i)
olmoq (-a, -b)
ii)
bermoq (-a, -b)
iii)
qolmoq (-a, -b)
iv)
bo’lmoq (-b)
v)
chiqmoq (-b)
vi)
yubormoq (-b)
vii)
qo’ymoq (-b)
viii)
yurmoq (-b)
ix)
o’tirmoq (-b)
x)
turmoq (-b)
xi)
kelmoq (-b)
7.
Ravishlar (Adverbs)
a)
Holat ravishi (adverbs of manner)
b)
Payt ravishi (adverbs of time)
c)
O’rin ravishi (adverbs of place)
d)
Daraja-miqdor ravishi (adverbs of degree)
8.
Ko’makchilar (Postpositions)
a)
Asl ko’makchilar (basic postpositions: only used as postpositions):
bilan,
uchun, sari, singari, kabi, uzra, sayin, yanglig’
b)
Ot ko’makchilar (noun postpositions: also used as nouns, adjectives or
adverbs): old, orqa, yon, o’rta, tomon, ust, past, tashqari, burun,
ilgari,
keyin, oldin, beri, buyon, bo’yicha, sababli, qarshi
c)
Fe’l ko’makchilar (verb postpositions: formed from verbs): ko’ra,
yarasha,
qarab, boshlab, tortib, qarama, qaraganda
9.
Bog’lovchilar (Conjunctions)
a)
Teng bog’lovchilar (co-ordinating conjunctions)
i)
Biriktiruv bog’lovchilar (combining conjunctions): va, ham, hamda,
bilan,
esa, bo’lsa, bo’lmasa, -da
ii)
Zidlov bog’lovchilar (contrasting conjunctions): ammo, lekin, biroq
iii)
Ayiruv bog’lovchilar (disjunctive conjunctions): yo, yoki, yoxud,
ba’zan...
ba’zan..., goh... goh...
b)
Ergashtiruvchi bog’lovchilar (subordinating conjunctions): chunki,
shuning
uchun, go’yo, agar
10.
Yuklamalar (Particles)
a)
So’z-yuklamalar (word particles): hatto, nahotki, axir
b)
Affiks-yuklamalar (affix particles): -gina, -mi, -chi, -da, -oq, -ku,
-dir
11.
Modal so’zlar (Modal Words)
a)
albatta, shubhasiz, haqiqatan, ,darhaqiqat
b)
ehtimol, balki, hoynahon, aftidan, chamasi
c)
kerak, lozim, zarur, darkor
d)
bor, mayli, xo’p, , to’g’ri, tuzuk
e)
yo’q
f)
demak, xullas, modomiki
g)
darvoqe, aytgandek, aytmoqchi
h)
afsus, attang, esiz
12.
Undov so’zlar (Exclamations)
a)
e, eh, ey, aha, oh, uh, him, he, ha, uf, o’ho’, ura
b)
tu-tu-tu, beh-beh, ho’o’sh, pish-pish, mosh-mosh, quray-quray, bah-bah,
kisht, chu, ho’o’k
13.
Taqlidiy so’zlar (Onomatopoeic Words)
a)
tars-turs, qars-qurs, yalt-yult, gumbur-gumbur, do’p-do’p
b)
dir-dir, lip-lip, gup-gup, duv-duv, shuv-shuv, qult-qult, g’ir-g’ir,
yalt-yalt,
mo’lt-mo’lt, miq-miq